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MRI morphometry possibilities in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease

Artemov M. V.  (Russian research center of radiology and surgical technologies, St-Petersburg, Russia)

Stanzhevsky A. А.  (Russian research center of radiology and surgical technologies, St-Petersburg, Russia)

Dementia is one of the most common, serious, socially significant neurodegenerative diseases of the brain, which manifests itself a violation of basic cognitive functions. This is often found nosology form of dementia is Alzheimer's disease. Diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease in the early stages of development of pathological neurodegenerative process now is essential due to the increasing incidence among the elderly population in developed countries. The recent introduction into clinical practice of modern neuroimaging techniques, such as MRI morphometry, positron emission tomography, SPECT, allowing timely diagnosis of various neurodegenerative diseases of the brain. Application of the method of magnetic resonance morphometry allows quantification of atrophic changes of different brain structures. In our study, 84 patients were studied, including 36 persons with moderate cognitive deficits, and 48 - with Alzheimer's disease at the stage of "mild" dementia. With the progression of neurodegenerative diseases and the development of dementia syndrome, the most pronounced decrease in the volume of the cerebral cortex were determined in the medial-basal temporal lobes of both hemispheres of the brain, as well as in the orbitofrontal regions of the frontal lobes. The optimal threshold volume (mm3) in the hippocampus, equal to 2740.7, a sensitivity of 68.3%, specificity – 75.0%. When MR morphometry for Alzheimer's disease, in contrast to the moderate cognitive deficits, characterized by a decrease in volume of the cortex of the medial orbitofrontal cortex to 7317,7 ± 870,1 mm3 due to atrophic changes.

Keywords:Alzheimer's disease, MRI morphometry, the hippocampus, the cognitive deficits.
 

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Citation link:
Artemov M. V., Stanzhevsky A. А. MRI morphometry possibilities in the diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease // Современная наука: актуальные проблемы теории и практики. Серия: Естественные и Технические Науки. -2016. -№07. -С. 74-78
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