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LEGISLATIVE REGULATION OF THE LABOR OF PRISONERS IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE (FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY)

Uporov I. V.  (D.Sc. (Hist.), Ph.D. (Law), Professor Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Krasnodar )

Prisoners in the Russian Empire were criminals sentenced to punishments involving imprisonment (in the modern sense of this criminal repression); there were several such punishments, and they were modified (exile to hard labor, imprisonment, placement in prison companies of a civilian department, temporary imprisonment in a fortress, imprisonment in a workhouse and a correctional facility, etc.). Beginning with the era of Peter I, those sentenced to imprisonment were recruited for compulsory labor as cheap labor to solve state economic problems. However, during the 18th century, the position of the authorities in this area was largely determined by individual imperial decrees, and the main legislative base for the systematic regulation of the execution of punishment in the form of imprisonment, including the labor of criminals held in places of detention, was formed in the first half of the 19th century, and such regulation began somewhat earlier than the well-known systematization of Russian legislation under the general leadership of the statesman M.M. Speransky (referring to the Charter on Exiles of 1822). The article presents an overview of the main legislative acts regulating the penitentiary policy of the Russian Empire in terms of the labor of prisoners in the specified period of Russian history.

Keywords:Russian Empire, punishment, imprisonment, labor of prisoners, exile to hard labor, charter
 

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Citation link:
Uporov I. V. LEGISLATIVE REGULATION OF THE LABOR OF PRISONERS IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE (FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY) // Современная наука: актуальные проблемы теории и практики. Серия: ЭКОНОМИКА и ПРАВО. -2025. -№02. -С. 139-143 DOI 10.37882/2223-2974.2025.02.35
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